Journal articles

Planogen: A Procedural Generation Framework for Dynamic VR Research Environments

Introducing a modular procedural generation plug-in for the Unity game engine, for the rapid generation of varied and interactive aircraft cabin environments populated with diverse virtual passengers.

Kaitlyn Tracy, Lazaros Rafail Kouzelis, Rami Dari, Ourania Spantidi

Virtual Worlds 2025

Impact of GPT-Driven Teaching Assistants in VR Learning Environments

Evaluating the impact of a GPT teaching assistant in a VR classroom.

Kaitlyn Tracy, Ourania Spantidi

IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies 2025

Enhancing historical extended reality experiences: Prompt engineering strategies for AI-generated dialogue

Introducing refined prompt engineering techniques to reduce factual inaccuracies and enhance the emotional resonance of AI-generated dialogues.

Lazaros Rafail Kouzelis, Ourania Spantidi

Applied Sciences 2024

 

Conference articles

Backbone Choice Matters: Human and Perceptual Evaluation of CNN-Based Neural Style Transfer

This paper investigates how the choice of CNN backbone affects neural style transfer, finding that stronger backbones generally produce images preferred by users, while standard image-quality metrics do not fully capture perceived artistic quality or style similarity.

Andie Bradley, Ourania Spantidi

International Conference on Machine Learning and Applications 2026

Detecting Gray Failures in Edge Networks with Lightweight Unsupervised Learning

This paper presents a lightweight unsupervised learning system that detects gray failures in heterogeneous edge networks and triggers proactive failover, reducing HTTP latency by up to 72% in controlled experiments.

William Britton, Ourania Spantidi

International Conference on Machine Learning and Applications 2026

'Are We Going To Crash?': The Effect of an AI Presence in User Experience during a VR Flight

A pilot study that examines the effect of an AI presence while experiencing turbulence during a VR flight.

Kaitlyn Tracy, William Dalian, Rami Dari, Ourania Spantidi

International Symposium on Visual Computing 2025

Toward Dynamic NPC Interactions: Integrating GPT-Driven Agents in 3D Virtual Environments

This paper introduces a novel framework that extends the capabilities of GPT to control comprehensive NPC behavior within Unity.

Jorde Stojanov, Lazaros Rafail Kouzelis, Ourania Spantidi

International Symposium on Visual Computing 2024

Synthesizing play-ready VR scenes with natural language prompts through GPT API

This work utilizes the GPT API to interpret natural language prompts and generate detailed, VR-ready scenes within Unity3D.

Lazaros Rafail Kouzelis, Ourania Spantidi

International Symposium on Visual Computing 2023